An overview of planned obsolescence and its impact on consumer goods.
Merged Image source: By George Hotelling from Canton, MI, United States - E-waste recycling in Ann Arbor, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org and Santeri Viinamäki, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia
The concept of obsolescence and its different forms—technical, style, and functional.
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How General Motors pioneered planned obsolescence in the 1920s to compete with Ford.
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The infamous 1920s cartel that artificially reduced the lifespan of light bulbs.
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The post-World War II era and the shift to disposable products for sustained profits.
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How smartphone manufacturers design devices with limited repairability and battery life.
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How planned obsolescence contributes to e-waste and resource depletion.
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How advertising fuels the need for constant upgrades and replacements.
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The growing global push for repairable products and longer-lasting designs.
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How competition from Japanese automakers forced American car manufacturers to improve durability.
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Innovations in sustainable design, modular products, and circular economy initiatives.
Image source: Freepik
How consumer demand and policy changes could reshape manufacturing ethics.
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Merged Image source: By George Hotelling from Canton, MI, United States - E-waste recycling in Ann Arbor, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org and Santeri Viinamäki, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia